VIm Cheatsheet

Cursor movement
h - move cursor left
j - move cursor down
k - move cursor up
l - move cursor right
w - jump forwards to the start of a word
W - jump forwards to the start of a word (words can contain punctuation)
e - jump forwards to the end of a word
E - jump forwards to the end of a word (words can contain punctuation)
b - jump backwards to the start of a word
B - jump backwards to the start of a word (words can contain punctuation)
0 - jump to the start of the line
^ - jump to the first non-blank character of the line
$ - jump to the end of the line
G - go to the last line of the document
5G - go to line 5
Tip Prefix a cursor movement command with a number to repeat it. For example, 4j moves down 4 lines.

Insert mode - inserting/appending text
i - insert before the cursor
I - insert at the beginning of the line
a - insert (append) after the cursor
A - insert (append) at the end of the line
o - append (open) a new line below the current line
O - append (open) a new line above the current line
ea - insert (append) at the end of the word
Esc - exit insert mode

Editing
r - replace a single character
J - join line below to the current one
cc - change (replace) entire line
cw - change (replace) to the end of the word
c$ - change (replace) to the end of the line
s - delete character and substitute text
S - delete line and substitute text (same as cc)
xp - transpose two letters (delete and paste)
u - undo
Ctrl + r - redo
. - repeat last command

Marking text (visual mode)
v - start visual mode, mark lines, then do a command (like y-yank)
V - start linewise visual mode
o - move to other end of marked area
Ctrl + v - start visual block mode
O - move to other corner of block
aw - mark a word
ab - a block with ()
aB - a block with {}
ib - inner block with ()
iB - inner block with {}
Esc - exit visual mode

Visual commands
> - shift text right
< - shift text left
y - yank (copy) marked text
d - delete marked text
~ - switch case

Cut and paste
yy - yank (copy) a line
2yy - yank (copy) 2 lines
yw - yank (copy) word
y$ - yank (copy) to end of line
p - put (paste) the clipboard after cursor
P - put (paste) before cursor
dd - delete (cut) a line
2dd - delete (cut) 2 lines
dw - delete (cut) word
D - delete (cut) to the end of the line
d$ - delete (cut) to the end of the line
x - delete (cut) character

Exiting:
w - write (save) the file, but don't exit
:wq or :x or ZZ - write (save) and quit
:q - quit (fails if there are unsaved changes)
:q! or ZQ - quit and throw away unsaved changes

Search and replace
/pattern - search for pattern
?pattern - search backward for pattern
n - repeat search in same direction
N - repeat search in opposite direction
:%s/old/new/g - replace all old with new throughout file
:%s/old/new/gc - replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations

Working with multiple files
:e filename - edit a file in a new buffer
:bnext or :bn - go to the next buffer
:bprev or :bp - go to the previous buffer
:bd - delete a buffer (close a file)
:sp filename - open a file in a new buffer and split window
:vsp filename - open a file in a new buffer and vertically split window
Ctrl + ws - split window
Ctrl + ww - switch windows
Ctrl + wq - quit a window
Ctrl + wv - split window vertically
Ctrl + wh - move cursor to the left window (vertical split)
Ctrl + wl - move cursor to the right window (vertical split)
Ctrl + wj - move cursor to the window below (horizontal split)
Ctrl + wk - move cursor to the window above (horizontal split)

Tabs
:tabnew filename or :tabn filename - open a file in a new tab
Ctrl + wT - move the current split window into its own tab
gt or :tabnext or :tabn - move to the next tab
gT or :tabprev or :tabp - move to the previous tab
#gt - move to tab number #
:tabmove # - move current tab to the #th position (indexed from 0)
:tabclose or :tabc - close the current tab and all its windows
:tabonly or :tabo - close all tabs except for the current one

Change tabstop and syntax highlight
Create file 
vi ~/.vimrc

fill in these lines
"tabstopandshift
set shiftwidth=4
set tabstop=4

"Enable syntax highlighting
syntax enable
colorscheme desert
set background=dark

You will get syntax highlight and tabstop size at 4 character instead of 8 character.

cheers!